Exodus 20 · Scofield
So Moses The Mosaic Covenant, (1) given to Israel (2) in three divisions, each essential to the others, and together forming the Mosaic Covenant, viz.: the Commandments, expressing the righteous will of God Exodus 20:1-26 the "judgments," governing the social life of Israel ; Exodus 21:1 ; 24:11 and the "ordinances," governing the religious life of Israel ; Exodus 24:12 ; 31:18 . These three elements form "the law," as that phrase is generically used in the New Testament (e.g.) Matthew 5:17,18 . The Commandments and the ordinances formed one religious system. The Commandments were a "ministry of condemnation" and of "death" 2 Corinthians 3:7-9 the ordinances gave, in the high priest, a representative of the people with Jehovah; and in the sacrifices a "cover" (see "Atonement," (See Scofield " Leviticus 16:6 ") for their sins in anticipation of the Cross ; Hebrews 5:1-3 ; 9:6-9 ; Romans 3:25,26 . The Christian is not under the conditional Mosaic Covenant of works, the law, but under the unconditional New Covenant of grace. ; Romans 3:21-27 ; 6:14,15 ; Galatians 2:16 ; Galatians 3:10-14,16-18,24-26 ; 4:21-31 ; Hebrews 10:11-17 . See NEW COVENANT. (See Scofield " Hebrews 8:8 ") See,for the other seven covenants: EDENIC (See Scofield " Genesis 1:28 ") ; ADAMIC See Scofield " Genesis 3:15 "; NOAHIC See Scofield " Genesis 9:1 "; ABRAHAMIC See Scofield " Genesis 15:18 "; PALESTINIAN See Scofield " Deuteronomy 30:3 "; DAVIDIC See Scofield " 2 Samuel 7:16 "; NEW See Scofield " Heb 8:8 ".
shalt not make There is a threefold giving of the law. First, orally, in Exodus 20:1-17 . This was pure law, with no provision of priesthood and sacrifice for failure, and was accompanied by the "judgments" ; Exodus 21:1-23:13 ; relating to the relations of Hebrew with Hebrew; to which were added Exodus 23:14-19 directions for keeping three annual feasts, and Exodus 23:20-33 instructions for the conquest of Canaan. These words Moses communicated to the people. Exodus 24:3-8 . Immediately, in the persons of their elders, they were admitted to the fellowship of God. Exodus 24:9-11 . Second, Moses was then called up to receive the tables of stone. Exodus 24:12-18 . The story then divides. Moses, in the mount, receives the gracious instructions concerning the tabernacle, priesthood, and sacrifice (Ex 25.-31.) Meantime (Ex 32.), the people, led by Aaron, break the first commandment. Moses, returning, breaks the tables "written with the finger of God." ; Exodus 31:18 ; 32:16-19 . Third, the second tables were made by Moses, and the law again written by the hand of Jehovah Exodus 34:1,28,29 ; Deuteronomy 10:4 .
afar off For contrast between law and grace, cf. Ephesians 2:13 ; Luke 1:10 with Hebrews 10:19-22 .
fear (See Scofield " Psalms 19:9 ") .